671 lines
38 KiB
HTML
671 lines
38 KiB
HTML
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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/><title>Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts</title><style>
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/* cspell:disable-file */
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/* webkit printing magic: print all background colors */
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html {
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-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;
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}
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* {
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box-sizing: border-box;
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-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;
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}
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html,
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body {
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margin: 0;
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padding: 0;
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}
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@media only screen {
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body {
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margin: 2em auto;
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max-width: 900px;
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color: rgb(55, 53, 47);
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}
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}
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body {
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line-height: 1.5;
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white-space: pre-wrap;
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}
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a,
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a.visited {
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color: inherit;
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text-decoration: underline;
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}
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.pdf-relative-link-path {
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font-size: 80%;
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color: #444;
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}
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h1,
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h2,
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h3 {
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letter-spacing: -0.01em;
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line-height: 1.2;
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font-weight: 600;
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margin-bottom: 0;
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}
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.page-title {
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font-size: 2.5rem;
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font-weight: 700;
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margin-top: 0;
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margin-bottom: 0.75em;
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}
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h1 {
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font-size: 1.875rem;
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margin-top: 1.875rem;
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}
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h2 {
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font-size: 1.5rem;
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margin-top: 1.5rem;
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}
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h3 {
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font-size: 1.25rem;
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margin-top: 1.25rem;
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}
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.source {
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border: 1px solid #ddd;
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border-radius: 3px;
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padding: 1.5em;
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word-break: break-all;
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}
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.callout {
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border-radius: 3px;
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padding: 1rem;
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}
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figure {
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margin: 1.25em 0;
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page-break-inside: avoid;
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}
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figcaption {
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opacity: 0.5;
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font-size: 85%;
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margin-top: 0.5em;
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}
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mark {
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background-color: transparent;
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}
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.indented {
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padding-left: 1.5em;
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}
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hr {
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background: transparent;
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display: block;
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width: 100%;
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height: 1px;
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visibility: visible;
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border: none;
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border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(55, 53, 47, 0.09);
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}
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img {
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max-width: 100%;
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}
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@media only print {
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img {
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max-height: 100vh;
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object-fit: contain;
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}
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}
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@page {
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margin: 1in;
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}
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.collection-content {
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font-size: 0.875rem;
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}
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.column-list {
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display: flex;
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justify-content: space-between;
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}
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.column {
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padding: 0 1em;
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}
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.column:first-child {
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padding-left: 0;
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}
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.column:last-child {
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padding-right: 0;
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}
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.table_of_contents-item {
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display: block;
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font-size: 0.875rem;
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line-height: 1.3;
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padding: 0.125rem;
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}
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.table_of_contents-indent-1 {
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margin-left: 1.5rem;
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}
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.table_of_contents-indent-2 {
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margin-left: 3rem;
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}
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.table_of_contents-indent-3 {
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margin-left: 4.5rem;
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}
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.table_of_contents-link {
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text-decoration: none;
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opacity: 0.7;
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border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(55, 53, 47, 0.18);
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}
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table,
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th,
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td {
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border: 1px solid rgba(55, 53, 47, 0.09);
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border-collapse: collapse;
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}
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table {
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border-left: none;
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border-right: none;
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}
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th,
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td {
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font-weight: normal;
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padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
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line-height: 1.5;
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min-height: 1.5em;
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text-align: left;
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}
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th {
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color: rgba(55, 53, 47, 0.6);
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}
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ol,
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ul {
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margin: 0;
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margin-block-start: 0.6em;
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margin-block-end: 0.6em;
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}
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li > ol:first-child,
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li > ul:first-child {
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margin-block-start: 0.6em;
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}
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ul > li {
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list-style: disc;
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}
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ul.to-do-list {
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text-indent: -1.7em;
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}
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ul.to-do-list > li {
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list-style: none;
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}
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.to-do-children-checked {
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text-decoration: line-through;
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opacity: 0.375;
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}
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ul.toggle > li {
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list-style: none;
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}
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ul {
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padding-inline-start: 1.7em;
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}
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ul > li {
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padding-left: 0.1em;
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}
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ol {
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padding-inline-start: 1.6em;
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}
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ol > li {
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padding-left: 0.2em;
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}
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.mono ol {
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padding-inline-start: 2em;
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}
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.mono ol > li {
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text-indent: -0.4em;
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}
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.toggle {
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padding-inline-start: 0em;
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list-style-type: none;
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}
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/* Indent toggle children */
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.toggle > li > details {
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padding-left: 1.7em;
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}
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.toggle > li > details > summary {
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margin-left: -1.1em;
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}
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.selected-value {
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display: inline-block;
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padding: 0 0.5em;
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background: rgba(206, 205, 202, 0.5);
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border-radius: 3px;
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margin-right: 0.5em;
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margin-top: 0.3em;
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margin-bottom: 0.3em;
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white-space: nowrap;
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}
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.collection-title {
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display: inline-block;
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margin-right: 1em;
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}
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.simple-table {
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margin-top: 1em;
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font-size: 0.875rem;
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empty-cells: show;
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}
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.simple-table td {
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height: 29px;
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min-width: 120px;
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}
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.simple-table th {
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height: 29px;
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min-width: 120px;
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}
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.simple-table-header-color {
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background: rgb(247, 246, 243);
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color: black;
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}
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.simple-table-header {
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font-weight: 500;
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}
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time {
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opacity: 0.5;
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}
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.icon {
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display: inline-block;
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max-width: 1.2em;
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max-height: 1.2em;
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text-decoration: none;
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vertical-align: text-bottom;
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margin-right: 0.5em;
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}
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img.icon {
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border-radius: 3px;
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}
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.user-icon {
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width: 1.5em;
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height: 1.5em;
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border-radius: 100%;
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margin-right: 0.5rem;
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}
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.user-icon-inner {
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font-size: 0.8em;
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}
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.text-icon {
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border: 1px solid #000;
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text-align: center;
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}
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.page-cover-image {
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display: block;
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object-fit: cover;
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width: 100%;
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max-height: 30vh;
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}
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.page-header-icon {
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font-size: 3rem;
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margin-bottom: 1rem;
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}
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.page-header-icon-with-cover {
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margin-top: -0.72em;
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margin-left: 0.07em;
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}
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.page-header-icon img {
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border-radius: 3px;
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}
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.link-to-page {
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margin: 1em 0;
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padding: 0;
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border: none;
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font-weight: 500;
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}
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p > .user {
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opacity: 0.5;
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}
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td > .user,
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td > time {
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white-space: nowrap;
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}
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input[type="checkbox"] {
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transform: scale(1.5);
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margin-right: 0.6em;
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vertical-align: middle;
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}
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p {
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margin-top: 0.5em;
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margin-bottom: 0.5em;
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}
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.image {
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border: none;
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margin: 1.5em 0;
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padding: 0;
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border-radius: 0;
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text-align: center;
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}
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.code,
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code {
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background: rgba(135, 131, 120, 0.15);
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border-radius: 3px;
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padding: 0.2em 0.4em;
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border-radius: 3px;
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font-size: 85%;
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tab-size: 2;
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}
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code {
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color: #eb5757;
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}
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.code {
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padding: 1.5em 1em;
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}
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.code-wrap {
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white-space: pre-wrap;
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word-break: break-all;
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}
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.code > code {
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background: none;
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padding: 0;
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font-size: 100%;
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color: inherit;
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}
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blockquote {
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font-size: 1.25em;
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margin: 1em 0;
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padding-left: 1em;
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border-left: 3px solid rgb(55, 53, 47);
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}
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.bookmark {
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text-decoration: none;
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max-height: 8em;
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padding: 0;
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display: flex;
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width: 100%;
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align-items: stretch;
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}
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.bookmark-title {
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font-size: 0.85em;
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overflow: hidden;
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text-overflow: ellipsis;
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height: 1.75em;
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white-space: nowrap;
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}
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.bookmark-text {
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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}
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.bookmark-info {
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flex: 4 1 180px;
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padding: 12px 14px 14px;
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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justify-content: space-between;
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}
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.bookmark-image {
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width: 33%;
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flex: 1 1 180px;
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display: block;
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position: relative;
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object-fit: cover;
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border-radius: 1px;
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}
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.bookmark-description {
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color: rgba(55, 53, 47, 0.6);
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font-size: 0.75em;
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overflow: hidden;
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max-height: 4.5em;
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word-break: break-word;
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}
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.bookmark-href {
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font-size: 0.75em;
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margin-top: 0.25em;
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}
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.sans { font-family: ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, "Apple Color Emoji", Arial, sans-serif, "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; }
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||
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.code { font-family: "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, Consolas, "PT Mono", "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; }
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.serif { font-family: Lyon-Text, Georgia, ui-serif, serif; }
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||
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.mono { font-family: iawriter-mono, Nitti, Menlo, Courier, monospace; }
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.pdf .sans { font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, "Apple Color Emoji", Arial, sans-serif, "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", 'Twemoji', 'Noto Color Emoji', 'Noto Sans CJK JP'; }
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.pdf:lang(zh-CN) .sans { font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, "Apple Color Emoji", Arial, sans-serif, "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", 'Twemoji', 'Noto Color Emoji', 'Noto Sans CJK SC'; }
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.pdf:lang(zh-TW) .sans { font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, "Apple Color Emoji", Arial, sans-serif, "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", 'Twemoji', 'Noto Color Emoji', 'Noto Sans CJK TC'; }
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||
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.pdf:lang(ko-KR) .sans { font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, "Apple Color Emoji", Arial, sans-serif, "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", 'Twemoji', 'Noto Color Emoji', 'Noto Sans CJK KR'; }
|
||
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.pdf .code { font-family: Source Code Pro, "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, Consolas, "PT Mono", "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace, 'Twemoji', 'Noto Color Emoji', 'Noto Sans Mono CJK JP'; }
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||
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.pdf:lang(zh-CN) .code { font-family: Source Code Pro, "SFMono-Regular", Menlo, Consolas, "PT Mono", "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace, 'Twemoji', 'Noto Color Emoji', 'Noto Sans Mono CJK SC'; }
|
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</style></head><body><article id="7c9752a3-4677-4dfe-9420-f6b61b92c4a2" class="page sans"><header><h1 class="page-title">Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts</h1><table class="properties"><tbody><tr class="property-row property-row-created_time"><th><span class="icon property-icon"><svg viewBox="0 0 14 14" style="width:14px;height:14px;display:block;fill:rgba(55, 53, 47, 0.45);flex-shrink:0;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden" class="typesCreatedAt"><path d="M7.01356 14.0001C8.8042 14.0001 10.5958 13.3107 11.9575 11.9324C14.681 9.21201 14.6808 4.7603 11.9571 2.04013C9.23336 -0.680043 4.77573 -0.680043 2.05199 2.04013C0.727519 3.36277 0 5.13301 0 6.99553C0 8.8764 0.727811 10.6285 2.05199 11.9509C3.43207 13.3106 5.22243 14.0001 7.01356 14.0001ZM3.72947 7.00914V8.461V8.65543H3.92382H5.34563H8.2794H8.4738V8.461V5.52541V3.37947V3.18502H8.2794H6.82747H6.63307V3.37947V6.81467H3.92382H3.72947V7.00914ZM1.83985 6.99553C1.83985 5.61698 2.38099 4.32597 3.36061 3.3477C5.36746 1.34337 8.64803 1.34062 10.6585 3.33944C10.6613 3.34219 10.6639 3.34494 10.6668 3.3477C12.676 5.3546 12.6763 8.63642 10.6668 10.6434C8.65705 12.6504 5.37031 12.6504 3.36061 10.6434C2.38099 9.66506 1.83985 8.37408 1.83985 6.99553Z"></path></svg></span>Created</th><td><time>@August 23, 2021 9:47 AM</time></td></tr><tr class="property-row property-row-multi_select"><th><span class="icon property-icon"><svg viewBox="0 0 14 14" style="width:14px;height:14px;display:block;fill:rgba(55, 53, 47, 0.45);flex-shrink:0;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden" class="typesMultipleSelect"><path d="M4,3 C4,2.447715 4.447715,2 5,2 L12,2 C12.5523,2 13,2.447716 13,3 C13,3.55228 12.5523,4 12,4 L5,4 C4.447715,4 4,3.55228 4,3 Z M4,7 C4,6.447715 4.447715,6 5,6 L12,6 C12.5523,6 13,6.447716 13,7 C13,7.55228 12.5523,8 12,8 L5,8 C4.447715,8 4,7.55228 4,7 Z M4,11 C4,10.447715 4.447715,10 5,10 L12,10 C12.5523,10 13,10.447716 13,11 C13,11.55228 12.5523,12 12,12 L5,12 C4.447715,12 4,11.55228 4,11 Z M2,4 C1.44771525,4 1,3.55228475 1,3 C1,2.44771525 1.44771525,2 2,2 C2.55228475,2 3,2.44771525 3,3 C3,3.55228475 2.55228475,4 2,4 Z M2,8 C1.44771525,8 1,7.55228475 1,7 C1,6.44771525 1.44771525,6 2,6 C2.55228475,6 3,6.44771525 3,7 C3,7.55228475 2.55228475,8 2,8 Z M2,12 C1.44771525,12 1,11.5522847 1,11 C1,10.4477153 1.44771525,10 2,10 C2.55228475,10 3,10.4477153 3,11 C3,11.5522847 2.55228475,12 2,12 Z"></path></svg></span>Tags</th><td><span class="selected-value select-value-color-orange">In Class</span></td></tr></tbody></table></header><div class="page-body"><p id="53a748c4-de79-45ff-a77c-8205212f719b" class="">The basic principle of economics is that we have <span style="border-bottom:0.05em solid">unlimited wants & needs</span>, but a <span style="border-bottom:0.05em solid">limited supply of resources</span>. This concept is known as <strong>scarcity</strong>.</p><h2 id="dcbfeb0c-2a92-4d52-8087-5e934097b416" class="">What is Economics?</h2><ul id="a5d1f8e3-393d-4eb1-a642-856dbfff952f" class="bulleted-list"><li style="list-style-type:disc">Economics is the <span style="border-bottom:0.05em solid">science of scarcity</span>. </li></ul><ul id="022a2e91-7517-4aa2-9e41-0e8996c30e6a" class="bulleted-list"><li style="list-style-type:disc">Scarcity means that we have unlimited wants but limited resources.</li></ul><ul id="05563953-245b-4e32-8e80-3f90508d519d" class="bulleted-list"><li style="list-style-type:disc">Since we are unable to have everything we desire, we must make <span style="border-bottom:0.05em solid">choices</span> on how we will use our resources.</li></ul><ul id="6097b744-b424-4005-97d6-3378b5ca1000" class="bulleted-list"><li style="list-style-type:disc">Economics is the study of these <span style="border-bottom:0.05em solid">choices</span>.</li></ul><ul id="af1ca4eb-fde0-4b32-914d-58d65c08ed61" class="bulleted-list"><li style="list-style-type:disc">In Microeconomics, we will primarily study the choices of individuals and firms. <ul id="b0eb9155-254c-4537-8c08-bfdb7562137e" class="bulleted-list"><li style="list-style-type:circle">Study of <strong>small economic markets</strong> such as indivi
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</p><p id="395dbfb2-73b6-4048-97cc-e4618ff0bf2c" class="">
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